Referring to Precedents and studying them in the design process is a common activity performed by designers and if done correctly can help them solve design problems and lead to the formation of creative ideas. but, there is also a risk of superficial perception, which traps them in the trap of imitation. Therefore, how to read the Precedents and use them in the design process is of particular importance. The present study was conducted with the aim of drawing a framework and in order to create a model for generative reading of precedents and their use in the architectural design process. The generative capacity of reading precedents is related to disclosing viable principles in the analyzed work, and it aims to make the connection between analysis and design. To this end, it begins with a summary of the formalist critique approach as a model for reading architectural works and continues with a discussion of precedents as a source of design knowledge. Before concluding, it raises three important areas through three questions and examines them to draw its framework. Finally, as a conclusion, it proposes two approaches in utilizing precedents, during which we can study the precedents and approximate configuration with abstract diagrams and apply them to future situations in the first step, as well as develop them creatively to adapt to new situations at a later stage. And Discuss and apply the proposed framework as a way to study precedents in the design process.

This article reviews and criticizes The Generative Lexicon by James Pustejovsky. Generative Lexicon (GL) is a linguistic semantic theory that proposes a framework for representing lexical knowledge. The lexical semantic representations as introduced in GL are, in fact, part of the information stored in the lexicon. GL is concerned with explaining the creative use of language. By taking this into account the structure and multiple representational levels for different types of lexical information, GL provides a new way for creating multiple meanings through a process of combining. This article firstly provides a short introduction about the book and then in the second part, Generative Lexicon theory is introduced, and then the structure and content of the book is mentioned in the third part. In the rest of the paper, the criticisms and evaluation of the book are presented in two sub-sections (a) appearance, form, and structure, and (b) evaluation of content. In the final section of the paper, the conclusion and concluding remarks on the book are presented.

The present article deals with introducing and critically studying the book Descartes Embodied: Reading Cartesian Philosophy through Cartesian Science by Daniel Garber. Garber, one of the most prominent researchers of modern philosophy and contemporary Descartes-scholar, wrote the book in 1980, and it was published by Cambridge University Press. This work has been released in French, yet there is no Persian translation available. It is a collection of articles written separately by author and published in credible philosophical journals. The unifying subject of the articles is the relationship between Descartes’ philosophical and scientific areas of interest. This article intends to introduce the author and covers the literary style of the book in English in brief. The article mainly addresses the introduction and critical analysis of the book itself, in two parts successively: form and content. This article intends to introduce the author and covers the literary style of the book in English in brief. The article mainly addresses the introduction and critical analysis of the book itself, in two parts successively: form and content.

Comparative study of different post-revolutionary generation has been broadly applied by social scientists; among them some believe there is a gulf between generations, while some others endorsing some small differences among generations, emphasis that this variety is natural. Avoiding being loyal to any of these two views, the present study attempts to compare three different post-revolutionary academic generations using theory of “generative objects” which explores generations’ view about their behaviors, Beliefs, and historical monuments. Sampling was carried among 3 generations; firstly ones who were student in 60s and now are experienced faculties in the university, secondly ones who are recently employed as faculty members, and finally who are now students in universities. Results show that in all 3 generations there are essential in-generation similarities, while comparatively there are some differentiations in inter-generative analysis.

This study aims to explore the generative capacity of Iranian architectural precedents by focusing on disclosing the formal devices used in the relationship between ornament and architecture and discusses a new way of reading ornaments that is neither involved in interpreting the purposes of ornament nor in describing its consequences, instead it reads the relationship between ornament and architecture, which can reveal new dimensions of the internal evolution of architectural form.The importance, variety, and complexity of Iranian Architectural ornaments require appealing to different reading strategies for a complementary and comprehensive studies. in this way, this study, by pointing to the importance of exploring the organizational capacity of form of architectural precedents, intends to reveal the nature of formal devices, that can mediate between ornament and its host object (Architecture).These devices are examined according to the framework established by the "relationship of device / material" belonging to the formalist criticism of Russian literature, through which the architectural form can be understood and examined in its totality and also can be used as a method for generative analysis of architectural precedents. This method does not ignore the visual or self-referential character of the devices, but its main purpose is to reveal the instrumental role of formal devices, and by reading ornaments as one of the components of the architectural form, it tries to present various diagrams with the aim of explaining the relationship between ornament and architecture as new vocabulary to expand the boundaries of the discipline of architecture.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to pattern cognitive Load on the memorization math of 7th grade students of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th grade male and female students of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive Load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive Load have a positive and significant effect on 7th grade students' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization students is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive pattern.

Channel is one of the most important parts of a communication system as the medium of the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Being aware of how the channel affects the propagation waves is essential for the design, optimization, and performance analysis of a communication system. Along with conventional modeling schemes, in this paper, we present a novel propagation channel model. The proposed modeling strategy considers the 2-dimensional time-frequency response of the channel as an image. It models the distribution of these channel images using Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGANs). In addition, for the measurements with different user speeds, the user speed is considered as an auxiliary parameter for the model. StarGAN is used as an image-to-image translation technique to change the generated channel images with respect to the desired user speed. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using a few existing evaluation metrics. Furthermore, as modeling the 2D time- frequency response is more general than the modeling of the channel only in time, the conventional metrics for evaluation of the channel models are not sufficient; therefore, a new metric is introduced in this paper. This metric is based on the Cepstral Distance Measure (CDM) between the mean autocorrelation of the generated samples and measurement data. Using this metric, the generated channels show significant statistical similarity to the measurement data.

The purpose of this article is to identify one of the most important phonological fricative processes named spirantization in Sirjani variety based on the framework of generative phonology. For this purpose, the data have been extracted from written documents such as the books, the glossaries, the articles, and written theses on this variety. In addition, the writers are native speakers of this variability. In this research, written sources such as dissertations, articles, and other available books in this field have also been used as literature review. Data are transcribed based on the APA and the research methodology is descriptive-analytic form. By examining the data, several types of spirantization processes have been extracted and they are investigated in this paper. The questions discussed in this study are as follows: 1. what types of phonological processes of spirantization are there in Sirjani variety? 2-How many consonants and vowels are there in Sirjani variety in comparison with standard Persian?